Dr Melvin Mbao

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Services includes :

• Gastroscopy: A gastroscopy involves the insertion of a flexible narrow tube with a light and camera attached at the end. The camera captures images of the inside of the gullet, stomach and duodenum projecting these visuals onto a colour monitor. A gastroscopy, referred to as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, investigates persistent stomach pain, dysphagia, diagnosing gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) or stomach ulcers. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy treats blockages in the oesophagus, bleeding ulcers, cancerous tumours or benign polyps. It's through this procedure that Dr Melvin Mbao can diagnose conditions including portal hypertension and Barrett’s oesophagus, that arises from metaplastic cells lining the lower region of the oesophagus or coeliac disease that occurs when a person has an unfavourable reaction to gluten.
• Colonoscopy: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases that require diagnosis through colonoscopy. Crohn’s disease can be life-threatening depending on the extent of the disease and the progression of its symptoms of anaemia, diarrhoea, fatigue and abdominal pain. Ulcerative colitis develops over time, targeting the colon and rectum's inner lining, increasing one’s chances of developing colon cancer. A colonoscopy assists by confirming or ruling out inflammatory bowel diseases through diagnosis performed through endoscopy that involves investigating the cause of chronic diarrhoea or constipation and rectal bleeding. Usually, Dr Melvin Mbao will perform a colonoscopy, examining the rectal and colon lining to check for polyps screening for colon cancer and remove cancerous or non-cancerous growths for biopsy.
• Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG): PEG involves the insertion of a feeding tube through the abdominal wall into the stomach, and it's through this flexible tube that fluids, medication and nutrition pass from the mouth and oesophagus into the stomach. Dr Mbao will recommend a PEG tube for people with congenital disabilities, oral cancer or oesophageal diseases that include Barrett's oesophagus. Achalasia occurs from reflux of food backing into the oesophagus as a result of a weak lower oesophageal sphincter (LES), malfunctioning during swallowing. Ultimately, people who have suffered a stroke or dementia and have trouble swallowing are recommended for PEG. To perform this procedure, Dr Melvin Mbao will insert the PEG tube endoscopically. Still, before the placement, he will ensure your bowels are empty, administering an oral anaesthetic to numb the throat. Through the use of an endoscope, he will guide the tube and secure it in the desired region of the abdomen.
• Capsule endoscopy: When swallowed, a tiny bite-sized capsule equipped with a wireless camera captures images of the gastrointestinal tract, including the oesophagus and rectum, to diagnose stomach ulcers, Coeliac and Barrett's oesophagus diseases as well as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis emerging from heartburn, nausea, constant abdominal pain, dysphagia, anaemia, rectal bleeding and chronic diarrhoea or constipation. Capsule endoscopy known as less invasive as compared to similar procedures involves swallowing a micro camera capsule capturing hundreds of pictures as it travels through the gastrointestinal tract and is transmitted to the recorder worn as a belt around your waist. Once you pass the capsule, Dr Melvin Mbao will conduct a follow-up appointment, formulating a diagnosis and suitable treatment plan depending on the gathered data from the pill.
• High-resolution manometry: A manometry involves assessing the pressure in the gastrointestinal tract testing for structural abnormalities. Dr Mbao will perform an oesophageal manometry measuring upper and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure. This procedure detects hiatus hernia and other complications diagnosing causes of heartburn, dysphagia, chest pain, achalasia and lower sphincter hypertension or hypotension. Before a high-resolution manometry, Dr Melvin Mbao will provide a laxative to clean the colon before the procedure, after that, there's the insertion of a narrow flexible instrument through the nose passed down the oesophagus into the stomach to diagnose the cause of irregularities in contractions. An anorectal manometry involves the insertion of a thin tube into the rectum. The instrument's sensors record and measure oesophageal, duodenum and colon pressure.
• Oesophageal dilations: Swallowing food or fluid can become complicated when the oesophagus restricts from blockage, and if this is the case, Dr Melvin Mbao will open or stretch the blocked region of the oesophagus through dilation. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Schatzki’s ring, Jackhammer oesophagus, achalasia and oesophageal cancer all contribute to oesophageal restriction. These conditions require correction through oesophageal dilations. Before oesophageal dilation, Dr Mbao will administer a sedative for relaxation and an oral anaesthetic to numb the throat for preparation of dilation. Dr Mbao will perform dilation utilising one of the several dilating techniques ranging from simple Bougies involving flexible dilators to open the oesophagus. Another method requires balloon dilation which involves threading a deflated balloon in the oesophagus where it's inflated to a point where it breaks the stricture.
• Oesophageal stenting: Oesophageal stenting is a permanent procedure opening a blockage in the oesophagus to relieve dysphagia. Pressure from a tumour and ulcer are likely causes of oesophageal narrowing. It’s for this reason that it's advisable to consider radiation or chemotherapy in addition to stenting to combat oesophageal cancer. Dr Melvin Mbao will apply the stent by first administering general anaesthetic as well as an oral sedative to numb the throat in preparation of the stent. A plastic, silicone or metal stent is folded and moved down to the blockage site where it's positioned and opened expanding to the oesophageal walls where it will remain fixed in place, supporting the narrowed region.